Susscessful Sports Professional

    Some people believe that successful sports professionals can earn more money when they are win some world competitions than other essential occupations, for example doctors. In this essay, I will argue that it is fair because they spend a lot of time for training to prepare for the competitions and also they make a valuable contribution to their country when they are win.

    The opponents who think that sports professionals, such as soccer players earn more much money than other job, for instance doctors, emphasise that the sportmen do not use their brain for studying educated subject like medicine. They think that the athletes just spend their time to exercise and even just manage their body to keep healthy. Besides that, they do not need to spend their money on university courses especially medicine faculty, which has higher fees than other subjects.

   However, the supporters who think that it is fair argue that professionals athletes bring the name of their country to the world competition. So, it is justified for them to earn much money, either from their organisations or the companies as their funding support bodies. They argue that they also spend a lot of time for exercise and preparing their mental and physical before they play in the worldwide popular competition.

   To sum up, I will say that if the sports professionals can earn a great more money and bonuses than other crucial professions like doctor, it is still acceptable because each profession has its benefits. Maybe, one of the benefits of being a successful soccer player is they can earn more money especially when they are win prestigious competition such as World Cup, Olympic, Asean Football Federation and so on. Moreover, if they win competition and became famous, they are likely to earn additional money from sponsors. (DAR)

Should marine mammals be kept in captivity in marine parks? Discuss

The issue of whether we should allow marine parks to stay open has been widely debated in our community recently. It is an important issue because it concerns fundamental moral and economic questions about the way we use our native wildlife. A variety of arguments have been put forward. This essay will consider arguments for having marine parks and point to some of the problems with these views. It will then put forward good reasons why laws should be introduced to prohibit these unnecessary and cruel institutions.

It has been argued that dolphin parks provide the only opportunity for much of the public to see marine mammals (Smith, 1997). Most Australians, so this argument goes, live in cities and never get to see these animals. It is claimed that marine parks allow the average Australian to appreciate our marine wildlife. However, as Smith states, dolphins, whales and seals can be viewed in thewild at a number of places on the Australian coast. In fact, there are more places where they can be seen in the wild than places where they can be seen in captivity. Moreover, most Australians would have to travel shorter distances to get to these wild locations than they would to get to themarine parks on the Gold Coast. In addition, places where there are wild marine mammals do not charge exorbitant entry fees - they are free.

Dr Alison Lane, Director of the Cairns Marine Science Institute, contends that we need marine parks for scientific research (The Age, 19.2.1999).  She argues that much of our knowledge of marine mammals comes from studies that were undertaken at marine parks. The knowledge obtained at marine parks, she says, can be useful for  planning for the conservation of marine mammal species. However, as Jones (1998) explains, park research is only useful for understanding captive animals and is not useful for learning aboutanimals in the wild. Dolphin and whale biology changes in marine park conditions. Their dietsare different, they have significantly lower life spans and they are more prone to disease.  Furthermore, marine mammals in dolphin parks are trained, and this means that their patterns of social behaviour are changed. Therefore, research undertaken at marine parks can be generallyseen to be unreliable.

It is the belief of the Marine Park Owners Association that marine parks attract numerous foreign tourists (The Sun-Herald2.4.1999). The organisation asserts that these tourists spend a greatdeal of money, increasing our foreign exchange earnings and assisting our national balance of  payments. However, it is arguable that foreign tourists would still come to Australia if the parkswere closed. Indeed, recent surveys of overseas tourists show that they come here for a variety of other reasons and not to visit places like Seaworld (The Age, Good Weekend 16.8.1999). Touristscome here to see our native wildlife in its natural environment and not to see it in cages andcement pools. There are plenty of opportunities for them to see animals in these conditions intheir own countries. What is more, we should be promoting our beautiful natural environment totourists, not the ugly concrete marine park venues.

Marine parks are unnecessary and cruel, and they should not be supported. The dolphins and whales in these parks are kept in very small, cramped ponds, whereas in the wild they are used toroaming long distances freely across the seas. Another point to consider is that the concrete walls of the pools interfere with the animals' sonar systems of communication making it difficult or impossible for them to communicate with each other.  A related argument is that keeping these animals in confined areas is a terrible restriction of the freedom of highly intelligent creatures that have sophisticated language ability. Moreover, the se animals are friendly and helpful to human beings and as such deserve our respect. There are many documented cases of marine mammals helping humans who are in danger at sea or helpingfishermen with their work.

In conclusion, marine parks need to be closed, or at the very least, no new animals should be captured for marine parks in the future. Our society should no longer be prepared to tolerateunnecessary cruelty to animals for the purposes of science or entertainment. If these creatures continue to suffer as victims of captivity, future generations will surely remember us as cruel and inhumane.

Source : from here

Amount of Goods transported in the UK - IETLS Task 1

           

             The line chart illustrates detailed information about the amount of goods which is transported by four different choices of modes of transport, namely road, water, rail and pipeline, in Great Britain over a twenty-eight-year period, starting from 1974, expressed in millions of tonnes. In general, the amount of goods, transportatied in the time period given increased slightly, and   lowest level for year onward until the end of the period.

            The guantity of goods transported by road showed a gentle rise starting from approximatcly 70 million tonnes and ending at the highest level, just above 95 million tonnes. In contrast, pipeline accounted for the lowest level during time which the quantity went up slowly and gradually from just under 5 million tonnes at first to above 20 million tonnes by the end of time period.

            For the remaining goods transportation, water and rail, however had apposing trends. In the same level, by 40 million tonnes, in 1978 from then onward, they showed a large gap in the both level at inversed trend. Rail use declined steadily through out the time period given, while water usage transportation jumped moderately until 1982. Then it remained stable until 1998. In the following years, it increased steadily in the following years until the end of time period. (Rp.54.121)

Horse Evolution (IELTS Task 1 - Process)

            The pictures illustrate how the horse has evolved from its pregistoric anchestor to the contemporary horse through four stages, beginning at forty million years age, then 30 million years ago, fifteen million years later and finally the modern horse. There is special attention given to the shape of the foot which is shown in separate places in the picture to highlight its changes.

            Looking at these pictures as a whole, during the process of the evolution of the horse, it has increased on size and the modern horse is two times bigger than the horse at the first stage. Also, it has grown hair along the back of the head and neck, called a mane, and the tail is longer. In addition to that, the foot has changed from five toes to a single toe, nomely a hoof.

            The first period of the time, at forty million years ago, the horse, which had the of the if compared smallest body and the shortest tail with no hair seen on the back of the head, was known as Eahippus. The stucture of the foot was made up of four toes with are shorter toe to the right. In the second stage the mesohippus era it had larger body and longer tail. It started to grow small mane and the foot consisted of two less toes than the horse of ten million years before. In the next stage, merychippus, living is million years in the past, was larger in size, had thicker mane land longer tail than both previous stages. The number of toes was still the some as mesohippus, but the middle of the toes was moderately longer than in the second stage. Last, the modern horse was the largest physical specimen the longest tail and the thickest mane over the all stages. Its ears were also more pointed than three stages before. Moreover, the modern horse had one big foot without toes, called a hoof, which seem different compared to its prehistoric predecessors. (Rp.54.121) RP

Forest fires

Forest fires, which are tending to increase, have become a major problem in certain countries. This problem is caused by many reasons which can be divided into two main groups; natural causes and human intervention. The existance of forests are very important not only for people but also for all living things on Earth. Hence, setting fire to the forests has bad effects on them, for instance, environmental damage, increasing financial costs, health risks and climate change. Under conditions like this, measures should be taken seriously and appropriately in order to deal with this problem, action or activity humans and forests.

Concerning the causes of bushfires, both natural causes and the intervention of humans can be broken down into specific way; three major natural causes and four major causes of human intervention. Three major natural causes are long hot summers a dry climate in the forest areas and lava – flaw or hot clouds from volcanic eruptions. These three major causes help spontaneous combustion to happen in the forest areas and in the end it causes bushfires. Besides that, deliberate actions from humans such as clearing of land opening up areas for agriculture and throwing cigarette butts carelessly or forgeting to put out campfires also lead to forest fires. However, the most unforgivable human action which causes forest fires is an act of vandalism commited on purpose by some individuals who do that just to have fun.

In response to this problem, either preventive or curative measures should be implemented appropriately, both for humans and forests. Measures for humans can be undertaken through imposing penalties, enforcing the law and strengthening regulations. Additionally, actions for forests be making artificial rain with helicopters, hiring fire-fighters and replanting and maintaining threes. By preserving the forests in these ways, people can live in a healthy environment. 

To conclude, both natural causes and human intervention can cause the extreme bushfires which have many negative impacts on for all living things on earth. This problem can be solved through either preventive or curative measures which can bring back a healthy life and environment for a better future. (Rp.54.121) RP

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